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Aggrenox (aspirin and dipyridamole) 

Indications 

• Aggrenox is used to reduce the risk of stroke in patients who have had transient ischemic attacks (TIA) or a previous stroke due to a blood clot. 
• It helps prevent the formation of new blood clots that can lead to strokes. 
• Aggrenox is prescribed for patients with a history of stroke or TIA to decrease the likelihood of future strokes. 

Dosage and Administration 

• Take Aggrenox exactly as prescribed by your doctor, typically one capsule twice daily (morning and evening). 
• Swallow the capsule whole with a glass of water. 
• Take Aggrenox with or without food, as directed by your doctor. 
• Inform your doctor about any other medications you are taking to avoid potential interactions. 
• Take a missed dose as soon as you remember. If it is close to the time for your next dose, skip the missed dose.  
• Do not take more than the prescribed dose. 
• Do not double the dose to catch up for a missed one. 
• Avoid using other products containing aspirin unless your doctor advises otherwise. 
• Do not stop taking Aggrenox suddenly without consulting your doctor, as this can increase the risk of stroke. 
• Avoid consuming excessive amounts of alcohol while taking Aggrenox, as this can increase the risk of stomach bleeding. 
• Do not take Aggrenox if you have a history of severe allergic reactions to aspirin or dipyridamole. 

Mechanism of Action 

Aggrenox combines two medications: Aspirin and Dipyridamole. Aspirin inhibits the enzyme cyclooxygenase, which reduces the production of thromboxane, a molecule that promotes platelet aggregation and clot formation. Dipyridamole inhibits the uptake of adenosine into platelets, endothelial cells, and erythrocytes, leading to increased levels of adenosine, which further inhibits platelet aggregation and promotes vasodilation. Together, these actions help prevent blood clots and reduce the risk of stroke. 

Contraindications 

• Do not use Aggrenox if you are allergic to Aspirin, Dipyridamole, or any of its ingredients. 
• Avoid Aggrenox if you have a history of asthma, rhinitis, and nasal polyps, which can increase the risk of severe allergic reactions to aspirin. 
• Do not take the medication if you have active peptic ulcer disease or any bleeding disorders. 
• Avoid using Aggrenox if you are in the third trimester of pregnancy due to the risk of complications. 

Side Effects 

Common Side Effects: 

• Headache 
• Indigestion 
• Abdominal pain 
• Diarrhea 
• Nausea 

Serious Side Effects: 

• Severe allergic reactions, including rash, itching, swelling, severe dizziness, and trouble breathing 
• Signs of bleeding, such as unusual bruising, prolonged bleeding from cuts, or blood in urine or stools 
• Severe headache, dizziness, or fainting 
• Chest pain or shortness of breath 
• Signs of liver problems, such as yellowing of the skin or eyes, dark urine 

Precautions 

• Inform your doctor about all other medications you are taking, including over-the-counter drugs and supplements. 
• Notify your doctor if you have a history of gastrointestinal problems, such as ulcers or bleeding. 
• Report any signs of unusual bleeding or bruising to your doctor immediately. 
• Use caution if you have a history of heart disease, as Aggrenox can affect heart function. 
• Discuss the risks and benefits of using Aggrenox if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding. 
• Avoid taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) while on Aggrenox unless directed by your doctor, as they can increase the risk of bleeding. 

Storage Instructions 

• Store Aggrenox at room temperature, between 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F). 
• Keep the capsules in their original container, tightly closed. 
• Store Aggrenox out of reach of children and pets. 
• Protect the capsules from moisture and light. 

References 

https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2012/020884s030lbl.pdf