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Niaspan (niacin)

Indications

• Niaspan is indicated to raise HDL (good cholesterol) levels.
• Used to lower LDL (bad cholesterol) and triglyceride levels.
• Helps reduce the risk of a heart attack in people with a history of heart disease or who have high cholesterol levels.
• Used as part of a comprehensive treatment plan including diet, exercise, and weight control.

Dosage and Administration

• Take Niaspan exactly as prescribed by your doctor, usually at bedtime after a low-fat snack.
• Swallow the tablet whole with a full glass of water.
• Follow a cholesterol-lowering diet plan prescribed by your doctor.
• Take a missed dose as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue your regular schedule.
• Have regular blood tests to monitor cholesterol levels and liver function during treatment.
• Do not break, crush, or chew the tablets.
• Do not take Niaspan on an empty stomach to avoid flushing and other side effects.
• Avoid consuming alcohol or hot drinks shortly before or after taking Niaspan, as they can increase the risk of flushing.
• Do not stop taking Niaspan suddenly without consulting your doctor, as this can worsen your condition.

Mechanism of Action

Niaspan contains Niacin, a B vitamin (B3). It works by reducing the production of cholesterol and triglycerides in the liver. Niacin increases the level of HDL (good cholesterol) and decreases the levels of LDL (bad cholesterol) and triglycerides. This dual action helps to improve cholesterol levels and reduce the risk of cardiovascular events.

Contraindications

• Do not use Niaspan if you have a known allergy to niacin or any other ingredients in the tablet.
• Avoid using the medication if you have active liver disease, peptic ulcer disease, or arterial bleeding.
• Inform your doctor if you have a history of gout, diabetes, or gallbladder disease before starting Niaspan.

Side Effects

Common Side Effects:

• Flushing (warmth, redness, or tingling under your skin)
• Itching or rash
• Headache
• Dizziness
• Nausea
• Diarrhea
• Increased blood sugar levels

Serious Side Effects:

• Severe allergic reactions (rash, itching, swelling, difficulty breathing)
• Liver problems (yellowing of the skin or eyes, dark urine, severe stomach pain)
• Muscle pain, tenderness, or weakness
• Unusual bleeding or bruising
• Vision changes

Precautions

• Inform your doctor about any existing medical conditions or medications you are taking before using Niaspan.
• Be cautious if you have a history of liver disease, gout, diabetes, or peptic ulcer disease.
• Regularly monitor liver function and blood sugar levels while taking Niaspan.
• Discuss the risks and benefits of Niaspan with your healthcare provider if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding.
• Report any muscle pain, tenderness, or weakness to your doctor immediately, as these could be signs of a serious condition called rhabdomyolysis.
• Avoid consuming large amounts of alcohol, as it can increase the risk of liver damage.

Storage Instructions

• Store Niaspan tablets at room temperature (20°C to 25°C) in a dry place, away from moisture and heat.
• Keep the tablets in their original packaging until they are ready to use.
• Do not use Niaspan if the tablets appear discolored, damaged, or show signs of deterioration.
• Keep Niaspan ER out of reach of children and pets.

References

https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2007/020381s034lbl.pdf