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Aricept (Donepezil)

Indications

Aricept is prescribed for the treatment of mild, moderate, and severe Alzheimer’s disease. It helps improve cognitive function and slow the progression of symptoms such as memory loss, confusion, and difficulty thinking.

Dosage and Administration

• Take Aricept exactly as prescribed by your doctor, usually once daily.
• Take the tablet at bedtime with or without food.
• Swallow the tablet whole with a glass of water; the orally disintegrating tablet (ODT) should be allowed to dissolve on the tongue and then swallowed.
• Continue taking Aricept even if you feel well; do not miss doses.
• Do not stop taking Aricept without consulting your doctor, even if you feel better.
• Avoid drinking alcohol while taking Aricept, as it can increase the risk of side effects.
• Do not crush or chew the tablets; if taking the ODT, do not remove it from the blister pack until ready to take it.

Mechanism of Action

Aricept (donepezil) is a cholinesterase inhibitor. It works by increasing the levels of acetylcholine in the brain by inhibiting the enzyme acetylcholinesterase, which breaks down acetylcholine. Higher levels of acetylcholine help improve nerve communication, which can enhance cognitive function and reduce symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease.

Contraindications

• Known Allergy to Donepezil or Piperidine Derivatives: Do not use if you have had an allergic reaction to donepezil or similar compounds.
• Severe Liver Disease: Avoid use if you have significant liver impairment.

Side Effects

Common Side Effects

• Nausea
• Diarrhea
• Insomnia
• Muscle cramps
• Fatigue
• Anorexia (loss of appetite)

Serious Side Effects

• Severe gastrointestinal problems (vomiting, stomach/abdominal pain, bloody stools)
• Slow or irregular heartbeat (bradycardia)
• Seizures
• Severe allergic reactions (swelling of the face, tongue, or throat, difficulty breathing)
• Fainting or severe dizziness

Precautions

• Heart Conditions: Inform your doctor if you have a history of heart problems, including irregular heartbeat or heart block.
• Stomach Ulcers or Bleeding: Patients with a history of stomach ulcers or gastrointestinal bleeding should use Aricept with caution.
• Lung Diseases: Patients with asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) should inform their doctor before starting Aricept.
• Seizure Disorders: Report any history of seizures to your doctor, as Aricept can increase the risk of seizures.
• Weight Monitoring: Monitor weight regularly, as Aricept can cause weight loss.
• Surgery: Inform your surgeon or dentist that you are taking Aricept before undergoing any procedure.

Storage Instructions

• Store Aricept at room temperature, between 59°F and 86°F (15°C and 30°C).
• Keep the tablets in their original container, tightly closed, and away from moisture and light.
• Keep out of reach of children and pets.

References

https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2018/020690s042,021720s014,022568s011lbl.pdf