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Sodium Bicarbonate (sodium bicarbonate) 

Indications

Sodium Bicarbonate is used for: 

• Treating metabolic acidosis in severe renal disease, uncontrolled diabetes, circulatory insufficiency due to shock or severe dehydration, extracorporeal circulation of blood, cardiac arrest, and severe primary lactic acidosis. 
• Managing chronic metabolic acidosis. 
• Alkalinizing urine in certain drug overdoses. 
• Reducing stomach acid (antacid). 
• Preventing and treating certain drug toxicities. 

Dosage and Administration

• Follow the dosage instructions provided by your healthcare provider. 
• Take sodium bicarbonate tablets by mouth, with a full glass of water. 
• Inform your doctor if you are on a sodium-restricted diet. 
• Use the medication regularly to achieve the best results.  
• Take after meals and before bedtime if taking for stomach acid. 
• Do not exceed the recommended dose. 
• Do not take more than one dose in 24 hours without consulting your healthcare provider. 
• Do not use Sodium Bicarbonate tablets to treat chronic conditions without medical advice. 
• Do not use it if you have metabolic or respiratory alkalosis without consulting your healthcare provider. 

Mechanism of Action

Sodium Bicarbonate works by neutralizing excess stomach acid and increasing bicarbonate levels in the blood, which helps to restore the body’s acid-base balance. It also alkalinizes the urine, helping to treat and prevent certain types of kidney stones and urinary tract infections. 

Contraindications

• Avoid if you have low calcium levels and might get muscle cramps because of alkalosis. 
• Not recommended if you’re losing too much chloride from vomiting or using a tube in your stomach. 
• Be careful if you’re taking diuretics and might end up with low chloride levels. 
• Don’t swallow if you’ve taken strong acid, as it could expand your stomach and possibly make it burst. 

Side Effects

Common Side Effects: 

• Nausea 
• Bloating 
• Gas 

Serious Side Effects: 

• Muscle pain or twitching 
• Severe headache 
• Swelling of feet or lower legs 
• Unusual tiredness or weakness 
• Slow breathing 
• Mood or mental changes 

Precautions

• Inform your healthcare provider if you have a history of heart disease, kidney disease, or high blood pressure. 
• Use caution if you are pregnant or breastfeeding. 
• Monitor your blood pressure and electrolyte levels regularly if on long-term treatment. 
• Do not use sodium bicarbonate for longer than recommended by your healthcare provider. 
• Avoid taking other medications within 1-2 hours of Sodium Bicarbonate to prevent interactions. 
• If you experience severe side effects or symptoms of alkalosis, seek medical attention immediately. 

Storage Instructions

• Store Sodium Bicarbonate tablets in a tight container. 
• Keep at a temperature between 15-30°C (59-86°F).